Given name & surname · also Late Latin
James
“supplanter”·“heel grabber”
James has the unusual distinction of being both a separate English classic and a close linguistic relative of Jacob. Its history runs from two New Testament disciples to Scottish kings and the political cause named for their descendants.
Original LatinIacobus
Meaning & origin
What it means
Through its shared Hebrew origin with Jacob, James is traditionally associated with “supplanter” and “heel grabber.” These are interpretations from the biblical Jacob story; the name’s earliest linguistic derivation remains debated.
Combines direct and name-family evidence
Where it comes from
James is the English and Scottish form of a name sharing the Hebrew ancestor Yaakov with Jacob. English developed a lasting distinction between the two; that separation is not universal across languages.
How it developed
The route to James passes through Late Latin Iacomus, a variant of the Latin form of Jacob. This different Latin development helps explain how James and Jacob could become distinct English names while retaining the same older origin.
The story
The name was borne by two New Testament disciples: James son of Zebedee and James son of Alphaeus. It later became a recurring Scottish royal name: James VI of Scotland took the English throne in 1603. After James II lost that throne in 1688, his family’s supporters became known as Jacobites, drawing on the Latin form of James.
In the Bible
In the Bible, the name James appears in Acts 12:17, 1 Corinthians 15:7, Galatians 1:19 and 19 other passages.
- Acts 12:17
- 1 Corinthians 15:7
- Galatians 1:19
- Acts 12:2
- Acts 1:13
- Acts 12:12
- Matthew 4:21
- Mark 1:19
- Luke 5:10
- Matthew 10:2
- Mark 3:17
- Mark 9:2
- Luke 8:51
- Matthew 10:3
- Mark 3:18
- Luke 6:15
- Luke 6:16
- Matthew 27:56
- Mark 16:1
- Luke 24:10
- Mark 15:47
- Mark 15:40
From biblical name research
James through the years
- Babies since 1880
- 5,274,520
- 5,250,638 boys · 23,882 girls
- Most popular year
- 1947
- 95,024 babies
- 2025
- 12,004
- #6 for boys · #2,873 for girls
- 2021–25 vs 2016–20
- −12%
- Easing
Where it’s given
By the numbers
In 2025, this name appeared in 11,945 U.S. birth records for boys, ranking No. 6 among boys’ names. Average annual use for boys was 12.2% lower in 2021–2025 than in 2016–2020. Its largest published annual count for boys was 94,767 in 1947. It also appeared in 59 birth records for girls in 2025. In 2025, Texas had the largest reported state-level birth count for boys with this name (1,057). Published U.S. population figures for this spelling include 2,996,421 as a first name in 2020; 243,502 as a surname in 2020.
From Social Security birth records and U.S. Census name counts for this exact spelling. Other spellings are counted separately.
James’s family of names
In English usage, James has a diminutive in Jamie. In English usage, James shares an earlier linguistic root with Jacob. In English usage, James has a conventional equivalent in the Spanish form Jaime.
Inner ring: spellings · middle: nicknames and forms · outer: across languages.
Around the world
James has relatives in 56 languages. Lines run from its Hebrew roots to each of them.
88 related names in 56 languages. Point at a dot, or tab to the map and use the arrow keys.
Nicknames & forms 37
Diminutives, pet forms, short forms and variants used alongside the name.
- Jackpet form
- Diegovariant · Galician, Spanish
- Jamieclipped form · English
- Jaydiminutive · English
- Jakediminutive · English
- Jimmydiminutive · English, French
- Iamvariant
- Jazzdiminutive · English
Show 29 moreShow fewer
- Jimdiminutive · English, Czech
- Jimmiediminutive · English
- Jaymevariant · roa-opt
- Jaymesvariant · English
- Jemdiminutive · English
- Jjameslikely variant
- Jamesslikely variant
- Jemmydiminutive · English
- Jazdiminutive · English
- Kimonickname · Hawaiian
- Jimmerdiminutive · English
- Jimidiminutive · English
- Jimmidiminutive · English
- Jasshort form · English
- Jimbodiminutive · English
- Jaschavariant
- Jamesevariant
- Jamevariant
- Jaimesvariant
- Jametvariant · French
- Jimboydiminutive · ceb
- Jeamesvariant · English
- Pimpet form · Scots
- Jaemesvariant
- Jaemvariant
- Jaimvariant
- Jaymvariant
- Iemevariant
- Jambodiminutive · English
Spellings & scripts 6
The same name written differently, including transliterations into other scripts.
Across languages 105
Equivalents and cognates in other languages, plus older forms it grew from.
- Iacobusroot · Latin
- Santiagodoublet · Spanish, ceb
- Jacobdoublet · English, Dutch
- Thiagoequivalent
- Jamesonequivalent
- Jason“son of” surname · English
- Jaimecognate · Portuguese, Spanish
- Jemmafeminine form
Show 52 moreShow fewer
- Yaakovdoublet · English
- TiagoPortuguese
- Seamusderivative · English
- Yakovequivalent
- JakobGerman, Swedish
- Jacquescognate · French, English
- JacoboSpanish
- Giacomocognate · Italian
- Jemimafeminine form · English
- Yaqubequivalent
- JakubCzech, Polish
- Hamishdoublet · English
- Semisiderivative · Tongan
- Yagodoublet · Spanish, English
- DiogoPortuguese
- Shamuscognate
- Yakubequivalent
- Hemirelated form
- Iagodoublet · English, Welsh
- JacobusDutch, Afrikaans
- Timiequivalent
- Jaquesequivalent
- Jacopoequivalent
- Jamettefeminine form · French
- Jagodoublet · English, Cornish
- Seumasborrowing · Scottish Gaelic
- Hagoprelated form
- Jacoequivalent
- Seamasequivalent
- Jaymzequivalent
- Yacobequivalent
- JakabHungarian
- Jamesinafeminine form
- Jacóequivalent
- Ġakmuequivalent
- იაკობequivalent
- Яъқубequivalent
- یعقوبequivalent
- ܝܥܩܘܒequivalent
- جيمسequivalent
- يعقوبequivalent
- Яківequivalent
- Яковequivalent
- Jokūbasequivalent
- Jeamsequivalent
- Zhakequivalent
- Kübaequivalent
- Jakupequivalent
- Jakëequivalent
- Siâmsborrowing · Welsh
- 占士borrowing · Chinese
- 詹姆斯borrowing · Chinese
And 45 more.
See also 3
Names our sources mention alongside this one. They are related in story or meaning, not forms of this name.
People named James
- James JoyceIrish novelist and poet (1882–1941)
- Jimmy Carterpresident of the United States from 1977 to 1981 (1924–2024)
- James CookBritish explorer, cartographer and naval officer (1728–1779)
- James MadisonPresident of the United States from 1809 to 1817 (1751–1836)
- James Clerk MaxwellScottish physicist (1831–1879)
- James WattBritish engineer (1736–1819)
- James Monroepresident of the United States from 1817 to 1825 (1758–1831)
- Jim MorrisonAmerican singer and poet; lead vocalist of The Doors (1943–1971)
- Paul McCartneyEnglish musician and member of the Beatles (born 1942)
Characters named James: James Bond (secret agent, invented by novellist Ian Fleming), James T. Kirk (Star Trek), Commissioner Gordon (the DC Universe), Captain Hook (fictional pirate).
Listed by how widely each person is written about, which says nothing about the name itself.
Appears in
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